Social Security Number (SSN)

A Social Security Number (SSN) is a nine-digit number issued by the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and certain temporary residents. It serves as a unique identifier primarily for tracking individuals’ earnings and eligibility for Social Security benefits. Over time, the SSN has become a critical tool for identity verification used by employers, financial institutions, government agencies, and other organizations for tax reporting, credit reporting, and accessing government services.

Key Facts

• Issued By: The U.S. Social Security Administration.
• Primary Purpose: Tracks earnings and benefits under Social Security programs.
• Widespread Use: Used as a key identifier for tax reporting, credit checks, employment eligibility, and government services.
• Confidentiality: SSNs are sensitive personal information and must be protected to prevent identity theft.
• Format: Nine digits, typically formatted as XXX-XX-XXXX.

1. Who is eligible to receive an SSN?

U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and certain non-citizens authorized to work in the U.S. can obtain an SSN.

2. Why do I need a Social Security Number?

It’s essential for employment, paying taxes, receiving Social Security benefits, and accessing many government and financial services.

3. Can my SSN be used for identity theft?

Yes, if stolen or misused, an SSN can be used fraudulently, so it’s important to keep it secure and share it only when necessary.

4. How do I apply for an SSN?

Applications are submitted through the SSA, often at local offices or online for eligible individuals.

5. Can I change my Social Security Number?

Changing an SSN is very rare and only allowed under specific circumstances, such as identity theft or fraud.