California Labor Laws

California Labor Laws are a set of state-specific employment regulations that govern how employers must treat workers in California. These laws cover areas such as minimum wage, overtime pay, meal and rest breaks, workplace safety, discrimination, termination rights, sick leave, and more. California labor laws are often more employee-protective than federal standards, making the state one of the most regulated labor environments in the U.S.

Employers operating in California must comply with both federal and state laws, always following the rule that provides greater protection to the employee.

Key Facts

• Minimum Wage: As of 2025, California's state minimum wage is $16 per hour, though many cities (e.g., San Francisco, Los Angeles) have higher local minimums. Employers must follow the higher rate if city/county laws exceed state levels.
• Overtime Rules: Non-exempt employees must receive 1.5x pay for hours over 8/day or 40/week. Double time is required for hours beyond 12/day or for work on the 7th consecutive day in a workweek.
• Meal and Rest Breaks: Employees working more than 5 hours are entitled to a 30-minute unpaid meal break. They are also entitled to a 10-minute paid rest break for every 4 hours worked.
• At-Will Employment: Most employment in California is at-will, meaning employers can terminate employees at any time, for any reason (except illegal ones). However, protections exist against wrongful termination, including discrimination or retaliation.
• Paid Sick Leave: Workers earn 1 hour of sick leave for every 30 hours worked, with a minimum of 24 hours or 3 days per year. Local ordinances may require more generous accruals.
• Anti-Discrimination Protections: California protects against discrimination based on race, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, religion, disability, immigration status, and more. Enforced by the California Civil Rights Department (CRD).
• Wage Theft Protection: Employers must provide written notice to employees about pay rate, paydays, and employer info. California has strong penalties for misclassification and unpaid wages.
• Enforcement Agencies: The California Labor Commissioner’s Office and Department of Industrial Relations (DIR) oversee and enforce these laws.

1. What is the current minimum wage in California?

As of 2025, the statewide minimum wage is $16/hour, but many cities and counties (e.g., San Jose, Pasadena) have higher local minimum wages that must be followed.

2. Are California employers required to give meal and rest breaks?

Yes, employees must receive:

• A 30-minute unpaid meal break after 5 hours
• A second meal break if working over 10 hours
• A 10-minute paid rest break for every 4 hours worked

3. How does overtime work in California?

Employees must be paid:

• 1.5x their regular rate for more than 8 hours/day or 40 hours/week
• 2x for hours over 12/day or on the 7th consecutive workday

4. Is California an at-will employment state?

Yes. However, termination cannot be based on discrimination, retaliation, or in violation of public policy or contract.

5. What protections do workers have against discrimination in California?

California law prohibits discrimination based on over 20 protected categories, including gender identity, age (40+), disability, sexual orientation, and immigration status. Complaints can be filed with the CRD.